The hidden dangers of lithium-ion batteries: Safety tips to prevent fires

The use of e-scooters and e-bikes is on the rise. The increase began during the pandemic as public transportation was down, and that has now created something else that is on the rise, battery fires.  The storage and charging of these items can create a tinderbox.

Some experts say much of the danger comes from off-market, refurbished, overcharged batteries or damaged products. There is a chemical reaction called a “thermal runaway” which happens when the lithium-ion cell enters a volatile, self-heating state. All it takes is one small battery cell to be defective, overcharged or damaged.

Lithium-ion batteries can also be found in computers, cellphones and some household devices, but the vehicle batteries are larger and subject to more wear and tear, and weather which can damage them.

So how can we minimize the risk?

Buy an electric bike that is certified by a qualified testing laboratory.

Follow the manufacturer’s instructions for charging and storage.

Always use the manufacturer’s cord and power adapter made specially for the bike. Do not leave an electric bike unattended while its charging and don’t leave it charging overnight.

If the battery overheats or you notice an odor, a change in shape or color, leaking or odd noises, stop using it immediately.

If the battery reacts in an alarming way, and it is safe to do so, move the device away from anything that can catch fire and call 911.

Keep batteries and devices at room temperature. Do not place them in direct sunlight.

Store batteries away from anything flammable.

Do not use aftermarket batteries.

Do not block your primary way into and out of the building with an e-bike.

Do not leave an e-bike in a child’s room.

If you need to dispose of a used rechargeable or lithium-ion battery, it’s illegal in many places to throw one out with the regular trash or recycling. Old batteries should be taken to a facility that recycles batteries. 

There are lithium-ion batteries in all sorts of products today that didn’t have them before, so be sure you always use certified products.

Cinda Seamon is the Community Risk Reduction & Outreach Program Coordinator for Hilton Head Island Fire Rescue.